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Mutarda arvensis

(L.) D.A.German (2022)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Brassicales Family: Brassicaceae Genus: Mutarda

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Herbs (5–)20–100(–210) cm, retrorsely or spreading hirsute or hispid, rarely glabrous.

Stems: Stems erect, often branched above.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Basal and lower cauline leaves leaf blade oblong, ovate, or lanceolate in outline, lyrate, pinnatifid, or undivided and dentate, (3-)4-18(-25) × 1.5-5(-7) cm; terminal lobe broadly ovate, obovate, to elliptic, margin dentate; lateral lobes 1-4 on each sid Petioles of basal and lower cauline leaves 1-4(-7) cm; . Upper cauline leaves shortly petiolate.

Flowers: Racemes ebracteate, elongated considerably in fruit. Fruiting pedicels slender or thickened, erect, ascending, divaricate, or reflexed. Fruiting pedicels ascending or suberect, stout, (2-)3-7(-15) mm. Sepals yellow or green, narrowly oblong, (4.5-)5-6(-7) × 1-1.8 mm, spreading or reflexed. Petals bright or pale yellow, obovate, (0.8-)0.9-1.2(-1.7) cm × (3-)4-6(-7.5) mm. Stamens, 6; Filaments (3-)4-6 mm; anthers oblong, 1.2-1.5 mm.

Fruit: Fruit linear; (1.5-)2-4.5(-5.7) cm × (1.5-)2.5-3.5(-4) mm; valvular segment (0.6-)1.2-3.5(-4.3) cm; (2-)4-8(-12)-seeded in each locule; 3-5(-7)-veined; torulose; terete (cylindrical); glabrous or pubescent with 1 kind of trichome; terminal segment conical or subulate; terete (cylindrical); (0.7-)1-1.6 cm; straight or curved upward; seedless or 1- or 2-seeded. Seeds blackish to dark brown; globose; (1-)1.5-2 mm in diam.; finely reticulate.

Ploidy: 2n = 18

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Synonyms (59)

Brassica arvensis (L.) Rabenh. (1839)
Brassica arvensis var. orientalis (L.) Farw. (1913)
Brassica arvensis var. schkuhriana (Rchb.) Thell. (1914)
Brassica barbareifolia Ball (1878)
Brassica kaber (DC.) Wheeler (1938)
Brassica kaber var. orientalis (L.) Scoggan (1978)
Brassica kaber var. pinnatifida (Stokes) L.C.Wheeler (1938)
Brassica kaber var. schkuhriana (Rchb.) L.C.Wheeler (1938)
Brassica kaber var. stricta (Čelak.) Shinners (1950)
Brassica mesopotamica (Spreng.) Bernh. (1836)
Brassica nigra var. villosa (Mérat) Alef. (1866)
Brassica sinapis Vis. (1850)
Brassica sinapistrum Boiss. (1839)
Brassica sinapistrum f. brachycarpa N.Busch (1910)
Brassica sinapistrum proles schkuhriana (Rchb.) Samp.
Brassica sinapistrum var. orientalis Samp.
Brassica sinapistrum var. schkuhriana (Rchb.) Samp.
Brassica sinapistrum var. siliqua-hirsuta Boiss.
Brassica xinjiangensis Y.C.Lan & T.Y.Cheo (1991)
Crucifera sinapistra E.H.L.Krause (1902)
Napus agriasinapis K.F.Schimp. & Spenn. (1829)
Raphanus arvensis (L.) Crantz (1769)
Raphanus orientalis (L.) Crantz (1769)
Raphanus turgidus Pers. (1806)
Rhamphospermum orientale (L.) Andrz. (1822)
Sinapis allionii Jacq. (1773)
Sinapis arvenis
Sinapis arvensis L. (1753)
Sinapis arvensis f. orientalis (L.) D.Löve & J.-P.Bernard (1959)
Sinapis arvensis subsp. allionii (Jacq.) Baillarg. (1985)
Sinapis arvensis subsp. dasycarpa (Neilr.) Arcang. (1882)
Sinapis arvensis subsp. orientalis (L.) Bonnier (1912)
Sinapis arvensis var. ambigua Hartm. (1820)
Sinapis arvensis var. dasycarpa Neilr. (1846)
Sinapis arvensis var. divaricata O.E.Schulz (1919)
Sinapis arvensis var. longistylosa Sennen (1936)
Sinapis arvensis var. mesopotamica (Spreng.) Boiss. (1867)
Sinapis arvensis var. orientalis (L.) W.D.J.Koch & Ziz (1814)
Sinapis arvensis var. pinnatifida Stokes (1812)
Sinapis arvensis var. retrohirsuta Bab. (1839)
Sinapis arvensis var. schkuhriana (Rchb.) Hagenb. (1843)
Sinapis arvensis var. stricta Čelak. (1874)
Sinapis arvensis var. vera Bab. (1839)
Sinapis arvensis var. villosa (Mérat) Rouy & Foucaud (1895)
Sinapis hispida Balb. (1803)
Sinapis incana Thuill. (1799)
Sinapis kaber DC. (1821)
Sinapis mesopotamica Spreng. (1801)
Sinapis nigra var. villosa (Mérat) DC. (1821)
Sinapis orientalis L. (1755)
Sinapis polymorpha Geners. ex Schult. (1809)
Sinapis retrohirsuta Besser ex Steud. (1821)
Sinapis retrohispida Boreau (1874)
Sinapis schkuhriana Rchb. (1838)
Sinapis schlosseri Heuff. ex Nyman (1878)
Sinapis taurica Fisch. (1812)
Sinapis torosa Gilib. (1782)
Sinapis villosa Mérat (1812)
Sinapistrum arvense (L.) Spach (1838)

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Potentially naturalizing

Island Status

Molokai Potentially naturalizing

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Turczaninowia 25(2): 56 (2022)

Other References

Herbarium Pacificum Staff 1998:9 (NEWNAT/Mo [2 spms. from weedy field in Ho‘olehua, 1928], DESCR, Brassica rapa misapplied, in part = Sinapis arvensis); German 2022:56 (Syn. S. arvensis = M. arvensis)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
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